Alternative sources of energy an introduction to fuel cells. Jun 23, 2006 fuel cells, engines and hydrogen is a controversial text that challenges the accepted industry parameters for measuring fuel cell performance and efficiency. Seventh edition fuel cell handbook technical report osti. Fuel cell definition, working, types, and applications of. Implementing the transition to hydrogen and fuel cells 19 funding the transition 20 a european roadmap for hydrogen and fuel cells 21 in the short and medium term to 2010 21 in the medium term to 2020 22 in the medium to long term beyond 2020 22 the european hydrogen and fuel cell technology partnership 22 4. The performance needs analy sis is combined with a hydrogen storage technology gap analysis to provide the u. For a hydrogen fuel cell, the two half reactions are shown above.
Hydrogen fuel is a zeroemission fuel burned with oxygen. Since publication of the first edition offuel cell systems explained, three compelling drivers have supported the continuing development of fuel cell technology. In the1960s, international fuel cells in windsor connecticut developed a fuel cell power. Internationally renowned specialists provide authoritative introductions to a wide variety of fuel cell types and hydrogen production technologies, and discuss materials and components for these systems. Fuel cells, engines and hydrogen is a controversial text that challenges the accepted industry parameters for measuring fuel cell performance and efficiency. Drih direct reduction via hydrogen efuel electrofuel fcev fuel cell electric vehicle fch ju fuel cell hydrogen joint undertaking fcr frequency containment reserve hhv high heating value hrs hydrogen refuelling station h. This edition introduces the basic principles of thermodynamics and electrochemical kinetics pertinent to the understanding of fuel. It can be used in fuel cells or internal combustion engines. A fuel cell is composed of an anode, cathode, and an electrolyte membrane.
An introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology. Fuel cells require relatively pure fuel, free of specific contaminants. Topler is vicechairman of the managerial board at the german hydrogen and fuel cell association dwv. Box 880 morgantown, west virginia 265070880 november 2004. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, which use electric motors, are much more energy efficient and use 4060% of the fuels energy corresponding to more than a 50% reduction in fuel consumption, compared to a conventional vehicle with a gasoline internal combustion engine.
Since publication of the first edition of fuel cell systems explained, three compelling drivers have supported the continuing development of fuel cell technology. A pem proton exchange membrane cell uses hydrogen gas h 2 and oxygen gas o 2 as fuel. Hydrogen fuel cell technology represents one of the. View selected publications related to each of our hydrogen and fuel cell research areas. Benefits and obstacles to the success of fuel cells and the development of a hydrogenbased economy. Written by experienced practitioners, the book addresses the needs of engineers, chemists and business managers, as well as graduate students and researchers.
Hydrogen fuel cell technology for the sustainable future of. Nov 01, 2004 this report documents the status of the us department of energys fuel cells program as of the end of fy 87. A comprehensive guide explains why hydrogen has emerged as an essential area for research and technology development worldwide. He has 30 years of experience in the area of hydrogen for mobile applications and was more than 25 years lecturer for renewable energies at the university of applied sciences in esslingen prof. Fuel cells fuel cells are the most energy efficient devices for extracting power from fuels. Capable of running on a variety of fuels, including hydrogen, natural gas, and biogas, fuel cells can provide clean power for applications ranging from less than a watt to multiple megawatts. National hydrogen and fuel cell emergency response training resource. Seventh edition fuel cell handbook technical report.
It covers hydrogen properties, use, and safety as well as fuel cell technologies, systems, engine design, safety, and maintenance. Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies and market perspectives. This book sets out the story behind both the fch ju and fuel cell and hydrogen technology in europe. Since hydrogen has high power density more than hundreds folds of that of batteries, more fuel, or energy, can be on board compared to bevs fig. Fuel cell electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and. The scientific and technical sections are clear and logical, and lead the reader carefully through the complexities of fuel cell materials and operating conditions, from basic principles to specific. A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical potential energy energy stored in molecular bonds into electrical energy. This report documents the status of the us department of energys fuel cells program as of the end of fy 87. Wellwritten and concise, the third edition maintains that tradition. It will also look at what this investment in fuel cell technology will mean for the eu in the coming years.
Grove utilized four cells, each containing hydrogen and oxygen, to produce electric power which was. This is a big improvement over internal combustion. It is also used as a fuel for spacecraft propulsion as of 2018, the majority of hydrogen. Free book about hydrogen and fuel cells h2international.
Fuel cell electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and their impact on energy storage technologies. Fuel cells fuel cells hydrogen is a versatile energy carrier that can be used to power nearly every enduse energy need. Hydrogen fuel cells for road vehicles pasquale corbo. The only moving parts in a h 2 fuel cell are the fuels. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that use hydrogen. The energy content of hydrogen is given as either lower heating value lhv of 242. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle technology roadmap pdf book. Fuel cell electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles. The products of the reaction in the cell are water, electricity, and heat. It was used as a primary source of electrical energy in the apollo space program. Download hydrogen fuel cell vehicle technology roadmap book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Ever since its initial publication, fuel cell systems explained has been one of the most approachable books on the subject.
Lehmann is a respected expert for hydrogen technologies. Hydrogen fuel cells and fuel cell electric vehicles green. From fundamentals to applied research provides an overview of the basic principles of fuel cell and hydrogen technology, which subsequently allows the reader to delve more deeply into applied research. It provides an overview of the state of the art, while also highlighting the developmental and market potential of hydrogen in the context of energy technologies. In addition to covering the basic principles of fuel cells and hydrogen technologies, the book examines the principles.
Hydrogen fuel cells for road vehicles pasquale corbo springer. Cell reference book, to be published, wileyvch, 2002. The reaction between hydrogen and oxygen can be used to generate electricity via a fuel cell. He has 30 years of experience in the area of hydrogen for mobile applications and was more than 25 years lecturer for renewable energies at the university of applied sciences in esslingen. Hydrogen and fuel cell technology platform, and more recently. A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel often hydrogen and an oxidizing agent often oxygen into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Hydrogen fuel cells for road vehicles is a useful text for researchers, professionals and advanced students in the fields of automotive and environmental engineering. Fuel cell technologies program hydrogen and fuel cell technologies program. The fuel cell an energy conversion device that can efficiently capture and use the power of hydrogen is the key to making it happen. The report consists of 1 an overview of the fuel cells program including a brief discussion of how fuel cells work.
Department of energy office of fossil energy national energy technology laboratory p. The book not only describes the how and where aspects hydrogen fuels cells may be used, but also the obstacles and benefits of its use, as well. The technology of the future is here today and now available to the nonengineer. As a fuel it represents a clean, environmentally benign energy source. So to calculate the energy of one fuel cell, we need to subtract the anode energy from the cathode energy.
Based on his interdisciplinary experience in the fields of power, nuclear power, and desalination, the author contends that the development potential of the fuel cell is related to the. A durable fuel cell power system including hydrogen storage that achieves 60% energy efficiency when operating at peak power and that offers a 325 wkg power density and 220 wl operating on hydrogen. In this project we will produce electricity using hydrogen fuel. Such a cell was used in the apollo space programme and it served two different purposes it was used as a fuel source as well as a source of drinking water the water vapour produced from the cell, when condensed, was fit for human consumption. The alkaline fuel cell or hydrogen oxygen fuel cell was designed and first demonstrated publicly by francis thomas bacon in 1959. Keywords conventional hydrogen energy storage fuel cell green hydrogen household power supplies hydrogen polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells pefcs portable fuel cells renewable. Hydrogen and fuel cells describes in detail the techniques associated with all the production and conversion steps and the setup of systems at a level suited for both academic and professional use. This book sets out the story behind both the fch ju and. Before the h 2 and o 2 can join to become water h 2o the molecules must be pulled apart. It explores the forces driving the market for hydrogenpowered fuel cells, as well as the technical and economic barriers that could derail a transition toward hydrogen energy systems. It has begun to be used in commercial fuel cell vehicles such as passenger cars, and has been used in fuel cell buses for many years. The molecules of fuel are hydrogen h 2 and oxygen o 2 color the h2 red and the o2 blue in the fuel cell diagram.
Federal transit administration, this course manual features technical information on the use of hydrogen as a transportation fuel. It provides an overview of the state of the art, while also highlighting the developmental. Fuel cells do not need to be periodically recharged like batteries, but instead continue to produce electricity as long as a fuel source is provided. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requiring a continuous source of fuel and oxygen usually from air to sustain the chemical reaction, whereas in a battery the chemical energy usually comes. In addition to covering the basic principles of fuel cells and hydrogen technologies, the book examines the principles and methods to develop and test fuel cells, the. A typical fuel cell works by passing hydrogen through the anode of a fuel cell and oxygen through the cathode.
Development potential of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles. Mar 31, 2018 the third edition of fuel cell systems explained is an updated version of a book that has always been essential reading for everyone entering into the fuel cell sector, be they student or industrial practitioner. The efficiency characteristics of fuel cells compared with other electric power generating systems are shown in. Also covered is setting up a pv solar panel to power the electrolyzer, and experimental lowtech methods for producing membrane electrode assemblies meas the heart of the fuel cell. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. The cell consists of two porous carbon electrodes impregnated with a suitable catalyst such as pt, ag, coo, etc. Fuel cells, engines and hydrogen wiley online books. Fuel cells and hydrogen joint undertakingth stakeholder forum i 10 10th stakeholder forum i fuel cells and hydrogen joint undertaking. Fuel cell engine technology hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Read online hydrogen fuel cell vehicle technology roadmap book pdf free download link book now. Technologies and market perspectives by johannes topler 2015 english pdf.
In this new edition of his pioneering book tomorrows energy, peter hoffmann makes the case for hydrogen as the cornerstone of a new energy economy. These contaminants include sulfur and carbon compounds, and residual liquid fuels depending on the type of fuel cell that can deactivate the fuel cell cata hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Development potential of hydrogen fuel cell electric. An introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology ogniwa. Build your own fuel cells contains complete, easy to understand illustrated instructions for building several types of proton exchange membrane pem fuel cells and, templates for 6 pem fuel cell types, including convection fuel cells and oxygen hydrogen fuel cells, in both single slice and stacks. Hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies course manual. Hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies course. Evers was published in april 2010 on the annual hanover fair where the author had established a global meeting point for companies and interested people from commerce and politics as well as science and media who are involved in the implementation of hydrogen and fuel cells since 1995. From fundamentals to applied research acts as an invaluable reference book for fuel cell developers and students, researchers in industry entering the area of fuel cells and lecturers teaching fuel cells and hydrogen technology. An introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology by brian cook, heliocentris vancouver, canada whereas the 19th century was the century of the steam engine and the 20th century was the century of the internal combustion engine, it is likely that the 21st century will be the century of the fuel cell.
A fuel cell, on the other hand, uses an external supply of chemical energy and can run indefinitely, as long as it is supplied with a source of hydrogen and a source. The massrelated energy density of hydrogen is very high. It explores the forces driving the market for hydrogen powered fuel cells, as well as the technical and economic barriers that could derail a transition toward hydrogen energy systems. This book introduces readers to hydrogen as an essential energy carrier for use with renewable sources of primary energy. Hoffmann covers the major aspects of hydrogen production, storage, transportation, fuel use, and safety. Build your own fuel cells includes a detailed discussion of building a lab electrolyzer to generate hydrogen to run fuel cells and templates for the electrolyzer. Produced by college of the desert and sunline transit agency with funding from the u. Sustainability and marketing considerations are also covered, including comparisons of fuel cells with alternative technologies. The book ends with the analysis of two practical case studies on fuel cell propulsion systems. A schema for a typical fuel cell wherein the electrolyte is a proton exchange membrane pem and. Department of energy doe fuel cell technologies program with information about the needs and gaps that can be used to focus research and development activities that ar e capable of supporting market growth. Hydrogen storage needs for early motive fuel cell markets. Technologies and applications the open fuel cells journal, 20, volume 6 the ove rall cell efficiency is between 37% and 42% however, if the heated watersteam generat ed by the. Figure 44 reversible voltage of the hydrogenoxygen cell 14.